Articles 48A and 51A (g) in the Constitution of India spell out the imperatives for the state and its citizens, namely, protection and improvement of the environment. Article 48A states, “The State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wild life of the country”. Article 51A (g) places a duty on the citizens of India to protect and improve the natural environment and have compassion for all living creatures.
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The author is Research Director, Environmental Scientist, and Professor at St. Joseph’s University, Bengaluru.
